The increasing development of cyberspace and the special and unique features it has acquired have made it one of the domain of conflict between countries. Therefore today, the issue of cyber warfare and defense has gained special importance and different countries have presented different definitions and structures to create security and shape their cyber defense framework. Meanwhile, the existence of indicators based on which these methods can be distinguished from each other and the roles and duties of each of the domestic actors have been a matter of controversy. In this research, which is of an applied type and has been conducted in a descriptive and case-based manner, an attempt has been made to explain the definitions related to each type of cyber defense and to present indicators to distinguish between them. Based on the results obtained, the three indicators of time, type of action, and space of confrontation distinguish the types of cyber defense, which include passive, resilient, robust, active, hyperactive, forward-looking, and proactive defense.
Kazemi M, Valavi M. Determining the Position of Proactive Cyber Defense in the Cyberspace of the Islamic Republic of Iran. C4I Journal 2025; 9 (1) :1-26 URL: http://ic4i-journal.ir/article-1-431-en.html